In May 2025, the UK government unveiled a comprehensive overhaul of its immigration system through the “Restoring Control over the Immigration System” White Paper. These reforms aim to reduce net migration, tighten visa eligibility, and align immigration policies with the country’s economic and social priorities. The changes impact various visa categories, settlement pathways, and labor market access.
1. Extended Settlement Qualification Period
One of the most significant changes is the extension of the qualifying period for Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) from five to ten years for most migrants. While family visa holders and dependents retain the five-year route, others, including skilled workers and students, will need to wait a decade before applying for permanent residency. This change may apply retroactively, raising concerns about legal challenges and increased uncertainty for current residents.
2. Stricter Skilled Worker Visa Requirements
The Skilled Worker visa route has undergone significant tightening:
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Salary Threshold Increase: The minimum salary requirement has risen to £38,700 per year, up from £26,200.
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Higher Skill Level: Eligible roles now require a qualification at RQF Level 6 (equivalent to a bachelor’s degree), excluding many positions previously accessible at lower qualification levels.
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Abolition of Immigration Salary List: The previous list facilitating lower salary thresholds for shortage occupations has been replaced with a Temporary Shortage List, focusing on roles aligned with the UK’s industrial strategy.
3. Changes to Graduate Route for International Students
The post-study Graduate visa, which allowed international students to remain in the UK for work after graduation, has been shortened:
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Duration Reduction: The stay period is reduced from two years (or three for doctoral graduates) to 18 months.
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Policy Rationale: This measure aims to prevent the route from serving as a pathway to lower-skilled employment and to encourage graduates to secure skilled positions promptly.
4. Curtailment of Overseas Care Worker Recruitment
The Health and Care Worker visa route has been restricted:
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Overseas Applications Halted: From 2025, individuals outside the UK can no longer apply for care worker roles in the adult social care sector.
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Transitional Provisions: Those already in the UK can extend or switch to this visa until 2028.
5. Enhanced Language Proficiency Requirements
Language requirements have been elevated to ensure better integration:
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Skilled Worker Applicants: The English language proficiency requirement has increased from B1 to B2 level.
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Adult Dependents: A minimum A1 level is now required, with an expectation to progress to A2 for visa extensions.
